SEJARAH TEORI HUKUM ISLAM SYIAH ZAIDIYAH

Abstract

This research was motivated by differences of opinion among friends about who will
replace the leadership after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, in part Most of the
Companions agreed and pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr as the first caliph, and Others are of
the opinion that the rightful person to be caliph is Ali bin Abi Talib That was the starting point of
the birth of the Shiite group, namely the group of followers and supporters of Ali bin Abi Talib.
This article aims to find out the biography of Zaid Bin Ali Zainul Abidin Bin Husain and
the development of Shia Zaidiyah, to know the theory of Shia Zaidiyah Islamic law and to know
the views of Shia Zaidiyah. This research is a descriptive qualitative type of research. This
research requires two methods of data collection techniques, namely how to document and how
to study literature.
This research states that the Zaidivah svi'ah is a Shi'ite sect that attributes its madhhab to
Zain bi Ali Zainal Abidin who was the son of Zainal Abidin. Looking at the explanation above, it
can be said that the Zaidiyah Shi'ah sect is the Shi'ah that is closest in understanding to the Ahl
sunnah wal jama ah. In its development, this madhhab actually existed after Zaid bin Ali died.
Then the madhhab was developed by the followers of Zaid bin Ali and compiled its own book,
especially in matters of fiqh and hadith issues, which was called the Majmu Al-Kabir book. Until
now, the Zaidivah svi'ah still exists, especially in North Yemen, because it is known that the
majority of the North Yemeni population adheres to the Shi'a Zaidivah school of thought.
Regarding the theory of Islamic law in the Zaidiyah madzhab, as has been explained, the manhaj
of the Zaidiyah madzhab is not too far from the ahl sunnah wal jamaah. In the order of manhaj,
the istinbath method, the law of the Zaidiyah school still positions the Qur'an as the first source
and then the sunnah, ijma, qiyas and reason.